* Your E-mail: (Do not use your school e-mail, which may block the reply e-mail that we send.) Invalid e-mail.

The Holocaust would not have been possible without the willingness of individuals to plan and commit mass murder. How does someone become a “killing expert”? The career path of Johann Niemann provides ...

“A Global Microhistory of German-Jewish Refugees in Harbin: Integrating East Asian Refugee Communities into the History of the Holocaust.” Susanne Hillman was awarded a Broadening Academia Initiative ...

These photographs show that the Sobibor killing center was not entirely shrouded in secrecy. Guests were welcomed there, and local people came in to work and even socialize with the SS staff. In their ...

Among Johann Niemann’s possessions was a small photo album documenting a visit to Berlin in summer 1943 by killing center personnel. The trip was a reward from the T4 (“euthanasia” program for the ...

INTERVIEWER: Tell me, was there a deception of the people in the transports. Were they given receipts? I mean, was there a deception so they didn't know where they were going? CHAIM ENGEL: Yeah. Well, ...

Konstantin Fuks is currently an independent scholar. He holds a PhD in history and Jewish studies (2024) from the University of Toronto (Canada). His dissertation monograph, “The Soviet Latvian War ...

“We get out and we stood in front of the gate. What did I see? I see a big fence camouflaged by pine branches, braided in the barbed wire, and a gate. On top of the gate is a big sign, black and white ...

“Once you entered Camp number 3, you never got out.” Camp III included the gas chambers, mass graves, and—starting soon after Niemann’s transfer to Sobibor in late summer 1942—a cremation site for the ...

THOMAS BLATT: They passed the turn off to Trawniki, and now we know in front of us is Sobibór, and we know what Sobibór is. And some people...and everything is in ...

For 70 years after the Holocaust, scholars were aware of only a handful of photographs taken in the vicinity of the Sobibor killing center while it was in operation. That changed in 2015 when the ...

KURT THOMAS: [. . .] the following happened: at 4 o’clock, Untersturmführer Niemann had an appointment to fit a suit. Exactly 4 o’clock. And as I explained before, he came on a horse. The horse’s name ...